| TASK \ OS | FreeBSD | Linux |
Solaris |
| OS notes | (rh) = Red Hat, Mandrake, Suse,... (deb) = Debian, Libranet,... |
Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9 (SunOS 5.*) SVR4-based |
|
| administrative GUI | /stand/sysinstall | linuxconf yast2 (Suse) |
solstice |
| managing users | adduser rmuser pw |
useradd |
useradd userdel |
| list hardware configuration |
dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot pciconf -l |
dmesg (if you're lucky) |
prtconf -v |
| show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values |
? | /dev/nvram (if you have it) hwclock |
eeprom |
| add device without reboot | camcontrol | modprobe kerneld insmod |
devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7, use: drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports} |
| tape device | /dev/rsa0 | /dev/st0 | /dev/rmt/0 |
| X kvm config | xf86config | xf86config | kdmconfig (x86) |
| read a disk label | disklabel -r | fdisk -l | prtvtoc |
| whole disk in partition | c | ? | 2 |
| label a disk | fdisk disklabel -wr sysinstall |
cfdisk fdisk e2label |
format |
| partition a disk | fdisk sysinstall |
parted (if you have it) fdisk pdisk (on a MAC) |
format fmthard |
| kernel | /kernel | /boot/vmlinuz /boot/bootlx |
/kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) |
| show/set kernel parameters |
/boot/kernel.conf |
/proc/* /proc/sys/* |
sysdef |
| show runlevel | ? | /sbin/runlevel | who -r |
| make disk bootable | ? | fdisk -A(and lilo to manipulate mbr) | installboot /usr/platform/ `uname -m` /lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file |
| startup scripts | /etc/rc* /usr/local/etc/rc.d/ |
/etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/ |
/etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ |
| run levels | ? | ? |
0: firmware monitor |
| check swap space | swapinfo | cat /proc/meminfo free |
swap -s swap -l |
| "normal" filesystem | ufs | ext2 ext3 ReiserFS |
ufs |
| volume-based filesystem | ccd vinum |
LVM | Solstice DiskSuite VxVM ($) |
| file system description |
/etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/vfstab (local) |
| volume manipulation | vinum | e2fsadm lvcreate lvremove lvextend |
/opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva (Veritas) /usr/opt/SUNWmd/ sbin/metatool (DiskSuite) |
| create filesystem | newfs | mke2fs | newfs mkfs |
| create non-0-length empty file | truncate -s size[K|M|G] filename dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \ count=desired |
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired |
mkfile |
| mount CDROM | mount /cdrom mount_cd9660 /dev/acd0? /cdrom |
mount /cdrom | /etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or mount -F hsfs /dev/sr0 /cdrom |
| NFS share definitions | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares |
| NFS share command | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload (rh) exportfs -a |
share shareall |
| name resolution order | /etc/host.conf | /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf |
/etc/nsswitch.conf |
| show network interface info | ifconfig -A | /sbin/ifconfig | ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in (8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex' |
| change IP | edit /etc/rc.conf (option ifconfig_interfacename) |
(rh) edit: /etc/hosts, |
edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename,
sys-unconfig; reboot |
| ping one packet | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname packetsize 1 |
| sniff network | ? | etherfind tcpdump |
snoop |
| route definitions | edit /etc/rc.conf (option defaultrouter) | (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network |
/etc/defaultrouter
/etc/notrouter |
| telnetd, ftpd banner | /etc/ftpwelcome | /etc/issue.net (telnet) (ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers) |
/etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd |
| encrypted passwords in | /etc/master.passwd | /etc/shadow (may vary) | /etc/shadow |
| allow/deny root logins |
/etc/login.access; /etc/ttys |
/etc/securetty | /etc/default/login |
| show installed software | pkg_info | (rh) rpm -a -i (rh) rpm -qa (deb) dselect (deb) dpkg -l |
pkginfo prodreg admintool |
| add software | /stand/sysinstall /usr/ports make pkg_add |
(rh) rpm -hiv (deb) dselect apt-get install pkg (deb) dpkg -i |
pkgadd |
| precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware | ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/.0/ FreeBSD/ports/i386/ packages-4.0-release |
www.linux.org linux.tucows.com |
www.sunfreeware.com |
| C compiler | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | gcc | /opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc ($) |
| show patch level and/or patches |
uname -a | (rh) rpm -q (deb) dpkg -s |
showrev -p prodreg (2.6+) patchadd -p |
| patch tool | (cvsup or cvs to update, then rebuild) |
apt-get update apt-get upgrade |
installpatch (2.5.1-) patchadd (2.6+) pkgadd /usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+) |
| configure/show runtime linking |
ldd | ldconfig ldd |
crle ldd pldd |
| link library path | ? | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH |
| tracing utility | ktrace truss ltrace |
strace |
truss sotruss |
| define user defaults | /etc/login.conf | /etc/profile /etc/security/ |
/etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ |
| csh global .login | /etc/csh.login | ? | /etc/.login |
| default syslog | /var/log/messages | /var/log/syslog /var/log/messages |
/var/log/syslog |
| system error reporting tool | dmesg |
dmesg (deb) reportbug |
prtdiag |
| performance monitoring | fstat; nfsstat; systat; vmstat; netstat; sockstat; uustat; top | vmstat |
sar; iostat; kstat; |
| FAQs (see also faqs.org) | www.freebsd.org/doc/ en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq |
www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ FAQ/ www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ x86/FAQ/ www.stokely.com/ unix.sysadm.resources/ faqs.sun.html |
|
| mailing list | www.freebsd.org/ handbook/ eresources.html #ERESOURCES-MAIL |
sun-managers@sunmanagers .org (majordomo) |
|
| mailing list archives | www.freebsd. org/ search.html# mailinglists |
www.linuxmanagers.org/ pipermail/linuxmanagers lists.debian.org |
|
| newsgroup(s) groups.google |
comp.unix.bsd. freebsd.misc |
comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) | comp.sys.sun. admin, comp.unix.solaris |
| user groups | www.freebsd.org/ support.html#user |
www.debianhelp.org | ? |
| magazines | www.daemonnews.com | www.linuxjournal.com www.linux-mag.com www.debianplanet.org |
www.sunworld.com/ |
| vendor home page | www.freebsd.org | www.linux.org www.redhat.com www.debian.org |
www.sun.com/solaris/ |
| vendor docs and patches | www.freebsd.org/handbook www.freebsd.org/releases/ 4.0R/errata.html |
www.linuxdoc.org/ rpmfind.net/linux/RPM |
docs.sun.com sunsolve.sun.com |
| vendor phone (US) | 925-674-0783 (FreeBSD Mall) |
? | 800-USA-4SUN |
| TASK / OS | FreeBSD | Linux | Solaris |
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